Fireplace



y 21,1929- P. D. CORMIER 1,113,521

FIREPLACE Filed May 4, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 9 ,a// I /a G may Patented May 21, 1929.

PATENTFOFFICE.

PHILIPPE D. COR-M IEB, 0F FAIRHAVEN, MASSACHUSETTS.

FIREPLACE.

Application filed ma 4,1927. Serial No. 188,634.

My invention relates to fireplace structures and also contemplates providing, as a new article of manufacture, an attachment for applicationto fireplaces such as are already in existence. "The object of the invention is to provide an improved fireplace and also to provide, as a new article of manufacture, an attachment for a fireplace which, when incorporated in the latter, will mprove the constructionand operation thereof.

v To these ends I have provided a fireplace having the peculiar features of construction and inode of operation set forth in the following description, the novel features of the invention beingparticularly pointed out and defined in the claims at the close thereof. The invention further consists in an attachment for a fireplace having the peculiar fea tures of construction which are also set forth in the following description and particularly pointed out and defined'in the claims at the close thereof. 7 u

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a front elevation of a fireplace constructed in accordance with my invention.

t Figure 2 is a section on line 2 -2 of Fig. 1. Figure, 3 is a detail, in'plan and on a largerscale, of the metal roof forming part of the, fireplace shown in Figsl and 2.

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional detail hereinafter referred to. j,

Figure 5 shows another form of fireplace constructed in accordance with-my invention; 7

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail relating to the deflector plate hereinafter described.

Having-reference to the drawings; 1 indicates the fireplace cavity or recess formed in the chimney 2 which will be constructed, as usual, of stone, brick or the like and pro- 7 vided with the flue 3 extending to the top outlet end of the chimney. 4-is a facing for the chimney forming part of the wall ofthe room, said facing usuall being-constructed from briclgtiles or the like. I I

One type of fireplace, illustrated in Figs. 1, .2 and 3, is constructed with side walls or jambs 5., 5 which converge toward the rear wall 6 of the'fireplace cavity 1.- In this type of fireplace the flue 3' opens into the rear or inner part of the cavity 1 at the top thereof and the top wall of the latter usually inclined or beveled as at 7. The

construction so far as described is that of an ordinary fireplace and chimney and the objection to this has been that with a fire going in the fireplace a draft of cold air would descend along the rear side of the flue 3 and the fireplace wall 6 crowding out .into the room smoke and other products of combustion, and this was particularly noticeable when first starting a fire. Furthermore, while the rear wall 6 would become heated in time and radiate some heat into the room, it was very inefiicient in this respect forthe reason that said wall was built of a material having high heat insulating capac i'ty so that it would not absorb much of the heat from thefire and, therefore, would not materially radiate heat into the room. In proceeding in accordance with my invention I provide a metal roof 8 for the fireplace which extends from the front of the fireplace rearwardly and downwardly so as to provide a space between its rearwardly and downwardly extendingportion and the rear wall of the fireplace. Supported by this roof 8 is a metal deflector and closure plate 9 whose lower end rests in sockets 10 provided upon thetop side of the roof wall 8 and whose upper edge or end is fitted to or into the rear wall 6 of the fireplace so that saidplate 9 is approximately parallel with the beveled top wall 7 of the fireplace openmg.

The roof wall 8 is made with a transverse slot or opening 11, Figs. 3 and ,4, which serves as the outlet for the fireplace 1. \Vhen a fire is burning within the fireplace the draft is upwardly through the port or opening 11 into the space between the deflector 9 and the beveled wall 7 and thence up through the main portion of the flue 3.

v By constructing the roof'wall 8 so that it extends from the front of the fireplace rearwardly and 'downwardly,the downwardly extending portion thereof serves as a metallic section or extension of the rear wall 6. This metal section, as will be clear, becomes heated rising from the lower part of the fireplace,

pass upwardly along and around the metal roof section 8, throughjthe port 11 and into the fiue 3, as indicated bythe full line arrowsin' Fig. 4. It will. also be clear that the air within the chamber 12 that is formed by the plate 9, wall 8 and rear wall 6, will be heated as will also the plate 9. Therefore, the up draft from the tire (not shown) that is in the lower part of the fireplace will be at the rearof the latter as indicated by the full line arrows in Fig. 4, so that the only possible down draft of cold air will be in front of this up draft and along the path indicated by the dotted arrows. The port 11 is disposedclose to the front of the roof plate 8 so that whatever down draft occurs will be at the front side of this port and will pass downwardly to the fire or in front of the latter, oining the air moving from the room to the lire. In this way whatever down draft of cold air occurs, will operate a screen to prevent smoke and products of combustion from passing out into the room and insures the passage of the latter upwardly at the rear of the fireplace, through the port 11 into the fine 3, being assisted in taking this course by the heated topor roof wall 8 and plate 9.

The fireplace, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is

constructed with two registers or ports 13, 13, one at each side of the recess or cavity 1,

and near the'top of the latter, and one of these registers is connected by a conduit 14 (Figs. 2 and 3) with the air chamber 12 while the other register 13 is connected by a conduit 15 with said air chamber. lVhen the fireplace is in use the heated and expanded air within the chamber 12 will be crowded out of the latter through conduit 11 and one of the registers 13 into the room by relatively colder and heavier air passing from the room through the other register 13 and conduit 15 into the chamber 12 because of the fact that the inner end of conduit 14 communicates with said chamber at a highor point than does the inner end of conduit 15 as will be clear from Fig. 2 where the position of the inner end of conduit 15 is indicated by a dot-and-dash line circle and the inner end of conduit 14 is shown in full lines. Thus while the fireplace is in use a current of heated air is continuously supplied to the room. That is, a circulation of air is maintained through the chamber 12, said air being supplied. from the room, heated and returned to the room.

Associated with the port 11 is a damper 1G in the form of a bowed metal bar or strip of. approximately the same length as the port 11, Fig. 3, said damper being provided at its rear side with a hook 17 to co-operat'e with an upstanding flange 18 on the roof wall 8, and at its opposite side with end trunnions 18 and 19 occupying slots 20 provided in upstanding cars 21 forming part of the roof wall 8. The trunnions 19 rest upon and are supported by the top side portions of the roof wall 8 adjoining the ends of the port 11 and are free to be slid toward and from the flange 18 to a limited extent. When it is desired to close the port 11 the hooked end 17 of the damper plate 16 is swung upwardly throughthe port 11 and then the damper 16 is moved toward the right, Fig. 4, and its hook 17 engaged with the flange 18, as shown in Fig. 4. When it is desired to open the port 11 the damper 16. is lifted sufficiently to disengage the hook 17 from the flange 18 and is then slid toward the left, Fig. 4, to clear the flange 18 after which said damper is swung downwardly and outwardly until. it is caught and held by a pair of spring jaws 22 projecting downwardly from the roof wall 8. The damper 16 provided upon itsund'erside with an integral loop or eye 23 to co-operate with the spring jaws 22 and this loop or eye serves also as a handle when manipulat ing the dan' per to engage or disengage it from. the flange 18. Sometimes the flue 8 isalignedwvith the front or outer portion of the fireplace cavity, as shown in Fig. 5, and when the metallic roof structure, above described, is incorporated in a fireplace of this kind, the deflector plate 9 will be secured in the position shown in said Fig. 5. Ordinarily the fine of a fireplace of this character is less in width than the width of the fireplace cavity and ordinarily said flue is disposed adjacent one side or the other of said avity. For this reason the deflector or wall plate 9 is made of less length at its top side edge 24 than at its bottom side edge 25, thelatter being approximately of the same length as the roof wall 8, while one side edgei lti is disposed at a relatively great angle27 with relation to the bottom. edge 2:"), while the other side edge 28 disposed at a relati 'oly small angle 29 with relation to the bottom edge 25. As a result the top edge 24; is offset toward one end of the wall plate 9 so as to align or register. with the flue. \Vhen the fine is at the left side of the fireplace, as indicated at 3, Fig. 6, the wall plate 9 will be positionedas shown by full lines and when the fine is atthe right of the fireplace, as indicated at 3, then the wall plate 9 will occupy a reversed position, indicated by dotted lines. Thusa wall plate 9 shaped as, described can be used. in either situation.

At its front side, and at opposite ends thereof, the roof wall 8 is made with. lugs EEO-which are embedded in the side walls 5 of the fireplace cavity while at its rear lower end said roof wall 8 is made with a laterally ment. Likewise the top edge of the wall plate 9 may be cemented within a recess provided in the brickwork of the chimney.

A fireplace constructed, as above described, controls the drafts in such manner that it is impossible for smoke to pass out into the room and at the same time soot and the like passing down the chimney is directed to the port 11. c

The damper plate 16 is preferably made of the trough shape shown so that when occupying its closed position it does not completely shut off communication between the fireplace and the flue 3 but leaves restricted passages at theends of the damper 16 connecting the flue with the fireplace. Thus it is possible to regulate the draft from the fireplace so that by placing the damper in its wide open position, as shown in'Fig.

4:, the draft would be at its maximum as required in starting afire and then after the fire is well under way the damper 16 can be transferred to its closed positionthus cut-- ting down or reducing the draft to the dei sired extent.

As will be clear, when the damper 16 occupies its wide open position, shown in F 1g. 4, it serves as a hood which materially assists in directing the currents of air so that they take the courses above described.

Upon the top side of the roof wall 8 and near the front edge thereof is an upstand- Jug rib, or flange, 33 which extends from side to side of said wall, said rib, or flange, occupying a position immediately behind the lower portion of the facing 4 which is seated at its lower edge upon the top of the wall 8. This rib, or flange, 33 not only serves as a backing for the lower portion of the facing 4. but also as a stiffening and strengthening rib for the top wall.

From the above description it will be apparent that-I have provided a metal roof room. Also, as will be clear, this roof structure including the throat plate 9, provides a chamber which may be connected by conduits, as described, with a room so as to heat the air of the latter.

lVhat I claim is:

1. A roof structure for fireplaces comprising a metal roof plate to extend from the top front portion of the fireplace rearwardly below the throat and downwardly to the back wall and from one jamb to the opposite jamb, said roof plate being made with a transverse exit slot for the products of combustion, and a damper door for said slot slidably and pivotally connected adjacent one side thereof with said, roof plate and adapted at its opposite side to separably engage said roof plate whereby it is supported in its closed position and adapted, when said side is disengaged from said roof plate, to be swung downwardly through said slot into an open position.

2. A roof structure for fireplaces comprising a metal roof plate to extend from the top front portion of the fireplace rearwardly below the throat and downwardly to the back wall and from one jamb to the opposite jamb thus providing a heat radiating portion at the back of the fireplace, said roof plate being made with atransverse exit slot for the productsjof combustion adjacent the front side thereof; a damper door for said slot slidably and pivotally associated at one side thereof with the top side of said roof and adapted at its opposite side to rest upon said roof plate whereby it is supported in its closed position and adapted to be slid on said roof plate to free said 0 posite side from the latter and when so reed to be swung downwardly through said slot into an open position, and a metal throat plate partition resting at its lower edge upon said root plate adjacent said slot and adapted at its upper edge to be supported by the back wall of the throat.

3. A fireplace includim a roof structure comprising a metal roof plate extending from the top front portion of the. fireplace rearwardly below the throat and downwardlyto the back wall and from one jamb to the opposite jamb, said roof plate being made with a transverse exit slot for the products of combustion; a damper door for said slot having one side thereof slidably and pivotally associated with said roof plate at one side of said slot and provided at its opposite side with a hook to interlock with said roof plate whereby it is supported and held in its closed position and, adapted, when said hook is disengaged from the roof plate, to be swung downwardly through said slot into an open position, a metal throat plate partition whose lower edge abuts said roof plate adjacent and back of the slot thereof and whose upper edge abuts against. the wall of the throat, said wall, roof plate and throat plate partition providing an air chamber at the back of the fireplace; an air outlet conduit communieating at one end with said air chamber, and an air inlet conduit communicating with said air chamber.

Signed by me at Boston, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, this 25 day of April, 1927.

PHILIPPE D. CORMIER. 

